Fruit: Display/Harvest Time: Spring Fruit Description: Seeds ripen in spring and early summer.Cultural Conditions: Light: Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours) Soil Texture: Loam (Silt) Soil pH: Acid (8.0) Neutral (6.0-8.0) Soil Drainage: Good Drainage Moist Available Space To Plant: Less than 12 inches NC Region: Coastal Mountains Piedmont USDA Plant Hardiness Zone: 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b.Whole Plant Traits: Plant Type: Bulb Poisonous Habit/Form: Clumping Growth Rate: Medium Maintenance: Low.Attributes: Genus: Colchicum Family: Colchicaceae Life Cycle: Perennial Recommended Propagation Strategy: Division Seed Country Or Region Of Origin: Eurasia and Africa Particularly Resistant To (Insects/Diseases/Other Problems): drought, rabbit, and deer Bulb Storage: Store corms in vermiculite at 63-68 degrees F (17-20 degrees C) Edibility: Highly toxic and possibly fatal if ingested.Tags: #bulb #showy flowers #poisonous #small spaces #drought tolerant #fall flowers #white flowers #purple flowers #deer resistant #delicate #victorian garden #border planting #walkway planting #fall bulb #lawn planting See this plant in the following landscape: Cultivars / Varieties:Ĭ. This can be a difficult species to grow outdoors because of its susceptibility to slug damage. If necessary, dig and divide during the mid-summer dormant period, but the plant will naturalize by itself over time.Īll parts of the plant, especially the bulbs, are highly toxic.ĭiseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: You can plant a bulb in summer for bloom that fall however, plants can take 4 to 5 years to flower when grown from seed. To grow from bulbs, you should bury the corms to a depth of 3 to 5 inches (12.5 cm) and 6 inches apart. The plant does best in a rich loam that does not dry out rapidly. When cultivated it is often used as a houseplant, in a small garden space, along a walkway or border or planted in a lawn.Īutumn Crocus prefers a site with medium moist, well drained, soil full sun to part shade and is not cold tolerant, sustaining injury below 14 degrees F (-10 degrees C). Naked flower stems rise from the ground to 4 to 6 inches tall in late summer to early fall bearing cup-shaped, 3 inch flowers. Foliage gradually yellows and dies by summer as the plants go dormant. In late spring, each autumn crocus corm sends up a clump of basal foliage. The flowers can be purple, pink, lilac, yellow or white. The genus is called autumn crocus because they bloom in fall, but some species bloom in winter or spring. It is a genus of about 45 species of plants from alpine meadows in Europe, North Africa, West and Central Asia, North India and West China. See below DescriptionĬolchicum, or Autumn Crocus, is a perennial herb typically found in pinewoods and mountainous regions. This concise paper attempts to give a brief review of its pharmacokinetic properties and its main mechanisms of action.Ĭolchicine inflammation mechanism of action microtubules pharmacokinetics toxicity.Phonetic Spelling KOHL-chik-um This plant has high severity poison characteristics. Colchicine interferes with several inflammatory pathways including adhesion and recruitment of neutrophils, superoxide production, inflammasome activation, the RhoA/Rho effector kinase (ROCK) pathway and the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) -induced nuclear factor κΒ (NF-κΒ) pathway attenuating the inflammatory response. Microtubule polymerization affects a variety of cellular processes including maintenance of shape, signaling, division, migration, and cellular transport. Colchicine exerts its unique action mainly through inhibition of microtubule polymerization. The commonest side effects are gastrointestinal (nausea, vomiting and particularly dose-related-diarrhea) occurring in 5-10% of patients. Two proteins, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and CYP3A4 seem to play a pivotal role, governing its pharmacokinetic. It is predominantly metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract. Colchicine is a tricyclic, lipid-soluble alkaloid derived from the plant of the Lily family Colchicum autumnale, sometimes called the "autumn crocus".
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